Rembrandt lighting
Similar to short lighting. The light must be at a 45 degree angle from the model. The model must should look at the space between the flash and the camera. Rembrandt lighting has been achieved when the shadow of the nose touches the shadow of the check, creating an inverted triangle on the check. Its good to use on people with full or round faces but not narrow faces. Some photographers insist it is a masculine technique.
Split Lighting
Split lighting is where the flash only illuminates one side of the face creating a dark side of the face and a light side of the face. To do this just have the flash pointing at one side of the face, while the model looks directly at the camera. This kind of lighting is very good for dramatic pictures, but not very good to use for portrait photography.
Butterfly lighting
Butterfly lighting also called loop or paramount lighting is a very flattering lighting technique. It creates a nice even lighting around the models face. A slightly curved shadow shows up under the chin to the side of the face touching the checks. This shadow is only slightly dark. Another butterfly shaped shadow shows up under the nose.
Short Lighting
Short light is type of studio lighting setup, where the face side which is further from the camera gets the main light. see the diagram for details. In this type of lighting setup, the side of the face which is toward the camera gets less light then the side facing away form the camera. The effect you get when using this lighting setup is a thin face, this is why it is good to photograph fat (or chubby) people with a short light setup.
Broad lighting
Broad light is just the opposite of Short light. In the Broad Light setup, The side that is getting the most light
is the side turning towards the camera. This setup is less commonly used for portraits as it tends to make
people look chubby.
Basic 3 Point Lighting
Backlighting
